Political Philosophy and thought behind Bangladeshi minority eviction and majority infiltration into India
Bimal Pramanik The Hindus who were uprooted from their hearths and homes in East Pakistan due to religious persecution and measures or lack of them, taken by the successive Governments in East Pakistan (Bangladesh) after partition in 1947 were accepted as refugees by the Government of India and her people, not of course without grudge, and were given shelter, citizenship and were gradually absorbed in the mainstream of Indian people , particularly that of West Bengal, Assam and Tripura. This was quite understandable. But what happened after the birth of Bangladesh when it was the declared policy of the Government of India not to grant citizenship to any people (even if they were Hindus and were forced to leave Bangladesh as a result of persecution) who migrated to India from Bangladesh as refugees after 1971 ? In what way the migratory trend post 1971 was different from the earlier trends? How were hordes of Muslims able to settle in the border districts of West Bengal and Assam without much notice and commotion? How was this silent demographic invasion possible? Was there any historical perspective behind this large scale infiltration or a well thought out design of our neighboring country? What change this invasion has brought up in the demographic pattern of border districts as well as interior districts of West Bengal and Assam? These are the queries I have tried to address in this article. It is fair to affirm that the vast demographic changes in the eastern and north-eastern States of India are undeniable. Yet there is ample scope for an analysis of facts and factors behind such demographic changes. A novel outcome of demographic pressures became more and more prominent over the years among the Bangladeshi migrants settling in India’s border region. Amazingly, this has gone largely unnoticed, even though it reflects significant changes in the daily life style, and affects the very root of the civil society. I have tried to analyze the negative impact of gigantic immigration from Bangladesh upon India’s attempts to preserve secular harmony as well as national security. We do not intend to overrate the military potential of Bangladesh while assessing the impact of Bangladeshi immigrants upon India’s national security in north eastern and eastern States, but we can hardly underrate the significance of their disturbing and distorting impact on the ethos of secular harmony that India stands for, and has been practising unabatedly since independence, despite Partition on religious grounds. This sordid impact of Bangladeshi immigration upon India is but a logical consequence of the stark failure of Bangladesh to evolve as a secular multicultural polity. The ruling circle of present day Bangladesh is determined not only to broaden and deepen the Islamisation of Bangladesh, but also to use Islam to incite separatist or secessionist forces in eastern/north-eastern India — by extensive support to a protracted arms struggle, if necessary. It is an open secret that in Bangladesh many international terrorist outfits with aggressive fundamentalist agendas are making all efforts to envelop Bangladesh’s socio-cultural fabrics with new Islamic prints and designs — though at the cost of the liberal tenets of Islam. Following the independence of Bangladesh in 1971, the eastern and north eastern region of India faced a novel political and social challenge. At one time, critics and analysts complacently characterized it to be a migration flow. But later on, a series of political events proved that this was nothing but a kind of infiltration flow. As a corollary, it is equally imperative to understand the changing responses of the political parties and their leaders in this great drama of incessant demographic change, creating a menace to social harmony and national security. This threat to our national security and social harmony will not be clearly understood unless we analyze the role of Bangladesh in this regard. Since the days of Partition, the Muslim psyche in both the parts of Pakistan has been suffering from a sense of injury about losing half of Bengal and Assam. They have been ruthlessly pursuing the policy of ‘lebensraum’ since the days of partition. Acting, perhaps, on the philosophy of the great Italian, Machiavelli, who observed in the 16th century that “sending immigrants is the most effective way to colonize countries because it is less offensive than to send military expeditions and much less expensive.” Bangladesh with a single minded devotion has been following this policy, and, to say the least, it has been quite successful in this endeavour. There was, however, not much concern about Muslim infiltration from erstwhile East Pakistan to India in the pre-1971 period. For, an extensive migration of Hindu population into India was regarded as a natural fall-out of Partition. The destiny of Pakistan from its historic origin was thus already blown off. Only one thing was discernible, and that was the fate of hapless and hopeless Hindus, whose sacrifice in the 1971 freedom struggle appeared to be negated by the assassination of Mujibur Rahman, and who started moving as an endless flock of people from Bangladesh to multiple directions into the land of India. Post Mujib complicated socio-political situation not properly followed by India: A new politics, a new economics and a new culture, taken together, started unravelling itself in India as a result of secularism, which aggravated the confusion of the exuberant and extravagant politics of secularism of the erstwhile radical nationalist and the radical left in India. Gradually, for the first time, the Hindu refugees were being treated at par with the Muslim infiltrators. This twin flow at the same time had introduced a new opportunity to show perversely that Bangladesh was as much secular as India. Politicians, who placed immediate electoral gain above national interest, could successfully equate Muslim infiltration with the Hindu refugee flow under the grand title of infinite and indefinite migration of Bangladeshis with nondescript faces through all conceivable manholes in the border region. A new era has started. Leading Bangladeshi strategic analysts and intelligentsia introduced the theory of lebensraum in the 1980s. They …